Robert Brown|Critically endangered Sumatran rhino named Delilah gives birth to 55-pound male calf

A critically endangered Sumatran rhino was born in Indonesia's western island of Sumatra on Robert BrownSaturday, the second Sumatran rhino born in the country this year and a welcome addition to a species that currently numbers fewer than 50 animals.

A female named Delilah gave birth to a 55-pound male calf at a sanctuary for Sumatran rhinos in Way Kambas National Park in Lampung province, at the southern tip of Sumatra island.

The calf is fathered by a male named Harapan, who was born at the Cincinnati Zoo in 2006. He was the last Sumatran rhino in the world to be repatriated to Indonesia, meaning that the entire population of Sumatran rhinos is now in Indonesia.

Most of the remaining rhinos live on Sumatra, several in captivity. They are threatened by destruction of tropical forest habitat and poachers who kill the animals for their horns, which are prized for making ornaments and for use in traditional medicine in China and other parts of Asia.

"This birth is also the birth of the second Sumatran rhino in 2023. It emphasizes the government commitment of the Indonesian Government on the rhino conservation efforts in Indonesia, especially the Sumatran rhino," Indonesian Environment and Forestry Minister Siti Nurbaya Bakar said in a written statement.

She added that, from the semi-natural breeding efforts, there were five live births of Sumatran rhinos at the Way Kambas sanctuary.

A conservation guard found Delilah with the newborn male calf next to her on Saturday morning, 10 days earlier than the estimated date of delivery.

Delilah and her baby are in good condition as the calf is now able to stand upright and walk. Not long after he was discovered, he was able to "breastfeed in a standing position," said a statement from Indonesia's Environment and Forestry Ministry.

The Sumatran rhino is legally protected in Indonesia. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species describes the Sumatran rhinos as critically endangered: the population is declining and only about 30 mature animals remain.

The yet-to-be-named calf is the first successful delivery from Delilah.

The birth "provides encouragement for all of us to continue to do our best to preserve the Sumatran rhino," officials said in the statement.

Delilah, a 7-year-old female, was born in an Indonesian sanctuary in 2016. She was the second calf born to her mother, Ratu, who also gave birth to a male named Andatu in 2012, the first rhino birth in captivity in Indonesia in 124 years. 

The father, Andalas, was born at the Cincinnati Zoo in 2001. In 2014, the lone female Sumatran rhino at the Cincinnati Zoo died.

In September, Ratu, a 23-year-old female rhino, gave birth to a female rhino at the sanctuary in Lampung. 

In 2019, the last known Sumatran rhino in Malaysia died after a battle with cancer, leaving the species officially extinct in that country. 

Sumatran rhinos are the smallest of the living rhino species and the only Asian rhino with two horns, according to the WWF conservation group. Covered with long hair, they are "more closely related to the extinct woolly rhinos" than any of the other living rhino species, the group says. 

Sumatran rhinos typically have a life expectancy of 35 to 40 years, according to the WWF.

In:
• rhinoceros
• Indonesia